In the article Distributed Practice in Verbal Recall Tasks: A Review and Quantitative Synthesis  (Cepeda, Pashler, Vul, Wixted, & Rohrer, 2006), the authors review more than 250 studies on how the timing of study sessions affects memory and learning. Their meta-analysis provides strong evidence for the spacing effect  — the finding that spreading study sessions over time leads to significantly better long-term retention than massed practice, or “cramming.” The researchers sho